Abstract
ABSTRACT Tartrazine (TAZ), a synthetic lemon-yellow azo dye, finds uses in food ingredients, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Treatment with TAZ during pregnancy in Wistar rats will be investigated to assess its impact on embryonic development. Eighteen pregnant rats were divided into three groups: the control group and two groups administered TAZ via gavage at doses of 7.5 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg from day 5 to 18. At 19 days of gestation, female rats were euthanised and their foetuses were extracted for assessment. Analysis was conducted to evaluate mortality, growth, morphological, and skeletal abnormalities. Furthermore, the maternal and fetal tissues were subjected to histological analysis and the oxidative state was evaluated. No impact was observed on the corrected body weight of pregnant rats by TAZ. However, it resulted in inhibited fetal development, morphological defects, resorption, and delayed skeletal ossification. Daily administration of TAZ altered the histology of the placenta, maternal and fetal liver, and kidney. Malonaldehyde increased and antioxidant markers such as glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase decreased, causing hepatic oxidative stress. Our study indicates that TAZ is embryotoxic in pregnant Wistar rats. Therefore, it should be avoided during the process of organogenesis and the crucial gestational time.
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