Evaluating Drinking Water Quality in Salem District Using the DEMATEL Method

Abstract

Access to safe drinking water is a fundamental human right and crucial for maintaining a healthy life. This study focuses on the analysis of drinking water quality in the Salem district, assessing the concentration of various pollutants and their associated health risks. Water samples were collected from bore wells, tube wells, and hand pumps. Major sources of contamination identified include the improper disposal of sewage and solid waste, excessive use of agrochemicals, and the poor condition of the piping and transportation network. Water pollution, particularly contamination with coliform bacteria, is linked to water-borne diseases such as gastroenteritis, diarrhea, dysentery, and viral hepatitis. These contaminants are a significant cause of health issues. To mitigate health risks, it is crucial to immediately stop using contaminated drinking water sources and limit the excessive use of agricultural chemicals that contribute to water pollution. The current study also aims to examine the factors influencing the selection of supply chain management (SCM) suppliers, utilizing the Neutrosophic Decision-Making and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method. A proactive approach was adopted to enhance DEMATEL's performance and achieve a competitive edge, using neutrosophic set theory to mark values on a new scale. A case study implementing this method is presented, which involved collecting data through interviews with experts on the Neutrosophic DEMATEL model. The research is intended for use in management, procurement, and production contexts. In terms of drinking water quality, the study found that R+C Omalur ranked highest, while Sankari ranked lowest. Conversely, Ri-C Sankari scored the highest, with Omalur ranking the lowest in another drinking water quality metric.