Abstract
Evaluation of land use land cover (LULC) change is an essential aspect of development in rural and urban sectors. This paper investigates the changes in LULC aspects of an environmentally vulnerable Patna Municipal Corporation (PMC) area in the middle-Ganga Plain, India. We offer Remote Sensing (RS), and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques delineated LULC types include water bodies, agriculture land, fallow land, wasteland, built-up land and vegetation of the study area. LULC mapping of the study area was done through False Color Composite (FCC) Satellite image Resourcesat-1 (IRS P6 LISS-IV) and Resourcesat 2A (IRS-R2A LISS-IV) with 5.8-meter spatial resolution data of the year 2007 and 2018 respectively. The supervised classification and maximum likelihood equation were used to classified two multi-temporal images. Then temporal changes were detected by comparison between two LULC classified maps of 2007 and 2018, which was produced independently. Patna Municipal Corporation (PMC) area, Patna is one of the environmentally vulnerable areas under the threat of environmental and ecological degradation as a result of human activities due to improper land cover management. The main objective of using change detection is an important technique to detect changes in LULC over time in PMC, Patna between 2007-2018, and it is significant for updating land cover or natural resource management. The interpretation of this study has substantial changes in LULC occurred in the Patna Municipal Corporation (PMC) area, Patna within the period 2007-2018, related to urbanisation and economic development. The analysis outcome indicates the most remarkable changes occurred an increase in Built-up, (+) 21.86 % between 2007-2018, whereas the area of cropland and vegetation decreased (-) 8.95 % and (-) 5.8% respectively between 2007-2018. In the spatial distribution pattern, other changes have also occurred. This study will give the benefit in future action plans in land use and urban development and avoid LULC changes without proper planning. It will be most significant for the natural environment.
Highlights
Evaluation of land use land cover (LULC) change is an essential aspect of planning and management activities
The population is growing, and rapid migration from different part of the state of Bihar resulted in rapid urbanisation of Patna Municipal Corporation (PMC) become one of the environmentally vulnerable areas under the threat of environmental and ecological degradation
The main objective of using change detection is an important technique to detect changes in LULC over time in Patna Municipal Corporation (PMC) between 2007-2018, and it is significant for updating land cover or natural resource management
Summary
Evaluation of LULC change is an essential aspect of planning and management activities. Information on LULC change is significant for the preparation and execution of land man-agement. Change Detection is an important procedure and necessary for updating LULC for management of the land environment. The significance of this study area as Patna is the capi-tal city of Bihar situated along the confluence of River Ganges. The City Patna (PMC) is a fastgrowing city and emerging trade centre in the last ten years. The population is growing, and rapid migration from different part of the state of Bihar resulted in rapid urbanisation of PMC become one of the environmentally vulnerable areas under the threat of environmental and ecological degradation
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