Evaluate the plant extracts of Syzygium aromaticum, Citrulus colocynthis and Jatropha curcas against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Cucumis satives

Abstract

A comparative efficiency of three plant extracts of clove Syzygium aromaticum Mytaceae flowers, colocynthor or bitter melon Citrulus colocynthis Cucurbitaceae fruits and physic nut Jatropha curcas Euphorbiaceae seeds extracted by the organic solvent acetone; were assessed against adult females of Tetranychus urticae under laboratory condition at concentrations 0.5, 1, 2 and 4% at 27±2 °C and 65±5% relative humidity (Rh) The results were recorded after 24, 48 and 72h from spraying. Also, field trial efforts was conducted to evaluation the best extract of J. curcas at 4% concentration to submission the population of T. urticae compared with the acaricidal vertemic and the results were recorded after 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days intervals after treatment. The results explained that, 0.5% concentration was non effective when applied with the three plant extracts. Also, C. colocynthis was the lowest potently one it recorded 33.33% reduction percentages after 72h from applied at concentration 4 %. While the J. curcas extract was the best one it gave reduction percentages 85.41, 89.58 and 94.79% after 72h. from applied at concentration 1, 2 and 4%, respectively. The same results were observed when J. curcas applied on cucumber (Cucumis satives) plants at field condition at concentration 4%, it gave 79.37, 89.50 and 88.91% reduction percentages after 1, 3 and 7 days from spraying, respectively. S. aromaticum extract when evaluated under laboratory condition against T. urticae females gave 64.89, 73.40 and 85.10% reduction percentages, after 3 days from applied at concentration 1, 2 and 4%, respectively. The results suggested that, extracts of J. curcas seeds and S. aromaticum flowers have a great potential for future development as natural acaricides for controlling T. urticae mite.