Abstract
Hydrogen storage is a promising technology for storage of renewable energy resources. Despite its high energy density potential, the development of hydrogen storage has been impeded, mainly due to its significant cost. Although its cost is governed mainly by electrical energy expense, especially for hydrogen produced with alkaline water electrolysis, it is also driven by the value of the cell tension. The most common means of electrolyzer improvement is the use of an electrocatalyst, which reduces the energy required for electrochemical reaction to take place. Another efficient means of electrolyzer improvement is to use the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-assisted design that allows the comprehension of the phenomena occurring in the electrolyzer and also the improvement in the electrolyzer’s efficiency. The designed two-phase hydrodynamics model of this study has been compared with the experimental results of velocity profiles measured using Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) method. The simulated results were in good agreement with the experimental data in the literature. Under the good fit with experimental values, it is efficient to introduce a new physical bubble transfer phenomenon description called “bubble diffusion”.
Highlights
A key challenge of the 21st century is to deal with climate change
A two-fluid multi-physics model with a new bubble transfer description has been proposed. This new description allows a good agreement with the results of Boissonneau et al.’s [15]
It has been found out a bubble dispersion force allows a good agreement with experimental data and a better numerical convergence than the one obtained without this additional force
Summary
A key challenge of the 21st century is to deal with climate change. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) declares that, to stay below the 3 ◦ C of global temperature increase from the pre-industrial era, zero net emission of greenhouse gases must be achieved at the mid-21 century. The present global energy demands can hardly be met by replacing conventional fossil-based energy sources (e.g., thermal or nuclear energy) by renewable ones. The integration of renewables into the national electrical grid brings the issue of energy storage because of the intermittent nature of renewable energy resources. Energy storage is achieved using several processes such as battery, Pumped Hydroelectric Energy Storage (PHES) or super capacitor. Only a few processes allow interseasonal storage (synthetic natural gas and hydrogen (H2 )). There are several processes that do not emit greenhouse gases and produce H2, such as thermochemical hydrogen process and electrolytic
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