Etiology analysis for hand, foot and mouth disease in Xinjiang in 2013

Abstract

Objective To explore etiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in Xinjiang in 2013. Methods A total of 1 287 samples of HFMD cases were tested for nucleotide acid of enterovirus(EV), human enterovirus 71(EV71), Coxsackievirus A 16( CA16), and 109 sample of other EV positive were tested for Coxsackievirus A 6(CA6) and Coxsackievirus A 10(CA10) by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Six EV71 strains were selected to amplify and sequence the whole VP1 region by using RT-PCR, homology were analyzed and phylogenetic tree were constructed by comparison of the sequence with all subgenotype of EV71 by using software of ChromasPro1.7.6, Bioedit7.1.9 and MEGA6.06. EV positive rate in different age groups were compared by SPSS17.0. Results Of all the 1 287 HFMD cases tested, there were 997 EV positive cases, the constituent ratio of EV71, CA16 and other EV were 45.5%(454/997), 13.0%(130/997)and 41.4/%(413/997) respectively. The EV positive rate of different age group [7/12-85.1%(137/161)] were different significantly(χ2=32.29, P=0.000 4), 3-5 age groups had the higher EV positive rate than that of other age groups (82.5%-85.1%). Of all 109 samples of other EV tested, 97 were CA6 (89.0%) and 3 were CA10(2.7%). Six EV71 strains shared highest nucleotide acid homology of 95.3%-98.3% with the representatives C4a genotype isolated from Fuyang, Anhui Province and Linyi, Shandong Province. Conclusions The constituent ratio of other EV in HFMD pathogens was increased markedly and became the predominant pathogens with EV71 in 2013. It′s really important for HFMD control and prevention to enhance etiological monitoring and understand the characteristics and mutation pattern of pathogens.(Chin J Lab Med, 2015, 38: 838-842) Key words: Hand, foot and mouth disease; Enterovirus A, human; Capsid proteins; Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction