Ethno pharmacology and Qualitative Phytochemical analysis of some Medicinal plants of Niyamagiri hill, Kalahandi, Odisha

Abstract

The traditional knowledge of making drugs from medicinal plants have a major role in pharmaceutical industries. The objective of the present work is to find out how tribal peoples make use of plants as their medicine to prevent numerous diseases without having any modern medical science mastery. The structure of the research was based on four parts: 1. Ethnobotanical survey study.2.plants use value.3. Phytochemical screening.4. Ethnomedicinal uses. The research work developed in tribal community of Niyamagiri hills, Kalahandi district of Odisha, India. The duration of the research was one year. The collection of medicinal plants were done from tribal peoples of Niyamagiri hill region of Kalahandi district of Odisha. plant extraction was performed in the lab, followed by Phytochemical screening. The results reflects the rich diversity of medicinal plants of Niyamagiri hill with 50 plants species are used as herbal therapy for the healing of various ailments. Among them, 13 plants were trees, 12 plants were shrubs, and 25 plants were herbs. These were enumerated with their medicinal value. Out of the 50 plant species studied 43 were dicot and 7 were monocot. The study identified 50 medicinal plants belonging to 35 families used against 27 diseases categories such as, skin diseases, gastro intestinal disease, wound healing etc. treating various kinds of ailments between different ethnic communities in Niyamagiri hill. The plants use value Show that the most frequently used plant species was B. laciniosa, Z.oenoplia, T. bracteata giving the highest use value of 1.33. B. laciniosa is recognized to its use in the treatment of different ailments and it is well renowned by all informants as the plant having the maximum medicinal value. The extracts phytochemical screening revealed the presence of Alkaloid, Flavonoids, phenols, Tannins, Saponins Terpenoids in all plants approximately .G.sylvestre contain all of these secondary metabolites except Saponins.