Abstract
The study investigated ethnic group, age and gender differences in social adjustment of teenagers in Nigeria. Atotal of 1,500 male and female Secondary School students from three minority ethnic groups, the Tiv, the Ogoniand the Yala, were used for the study. The participants were 750 Junior Secondary three (JS III, 375 males and 375females, 13-15 years) with a mean age of 14 years, and 750 Senior, Secondary three (SS.III, 375 males and 375females; 16-18 years) with a mean age of 17 years. The Social Adjustment Scale developed and validated by theresearcher was used to test the social adjustment of students. Results showed, that there was significant ethnicgroup difference (F2, 1488) = 8.86 P< 001, and age difference (F1, 1488) = 7.41 P < .04 in the social adjustment ofteenagers. The interaction effect, of ethnicity x age was significant (F2, 1488)= 3.9 P < .04, age x genderinteraction was significant (F1,1488) = 5.03 p<.04.Ethnicity x age x gender interaction also significant (F2,1488)=4.03p<.04 Scheffe test of comparison showed that Ogoni teenagers scored highest in the social adjustmentscale.
Highlights
On the issue of social adjustment, Dix (1991), Hetherington and Hagen (1997), Davis and Rhodes (1994) observed that human existence without social setup can hardly be imagined
The pattern of the mean differences shows that the Ogonis are more adjusted p
More prominent were the Ogoni teenagers who had the highest mean score (M = 74.05, SD = 4.03) and seemed much better adjusted socially than their Tiv and Yala counterparts. These current findings seem to suggest that the values held by ethnic groups strongly influence the total personality development of teenagers and their social adjustment patterns
Summary
On the issue of social adjustment, Dix (1991), Hetherington and Hagen (1997), Davis and Rhodes (1994) observed that human existence without social setup can hardly be imagined. These authors indicated that the foundation of social development and adjustment are laid in the family where the individual had the first social interaction and this has a lot of influence on the person’s letter life. Bronfenbrenner, (1986) discovered many social structures and systems in the world of human; and observed that each person is significantly affected by interactions between and among a number of overlapping ecosystems. It represents an adjustment to the weather and has the functions of helping to maintain a relatively constant body temperature and making people feel more comfortable
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