Abstract
Ceramic flash sintering with a strong electric field at room temperature is the most attractive method. This paper presents the flash sintering of ZnO ceramics at room temperature by the application of a 3-kV/cm electric field after a dropwise addition of ethanol. This method is simple and easy to control. The density of the specimen exceeded 96% after 30 s of sintering. No significant difference was observed in the initiation voltage of flash sintering with and without the dropwise addition of ethanol. Ethanol burns upon dropwise addition, causing a discharge to first occur far from the location of the dropwise addition, followed by glowing and heating up, which causes the temperature of the entire specimen to rise.
Highlights
Cai, M.; Zhao, X.; Liu, J.; Wang, X.; Jia, With the development of current- or electric field-assisted sintering techniques, such as spark plasma sintering (SPS) and micro-wave sintering (MWS), it becomes possible to obtain ceramic materials at a faster speed and lower energy consumption [1,2,3]
We investigated the relation between the amount of ethanol and the applied electric field to trigger flash sintering (FS)
It was found that after dropping deionized water, an electric arc tends to form on the surface of the specimen, which progresses across the specimen such that the metal wires burn off and the tests fail
Summary
M.; Zhao, X.; Liu, J.; Wang, X.; Jia, With the development of current- or electric field-assisted sintering techniques, such as spark plasma sintering (SPS) and micro-wave sintering (MWS), it becomes possible to obtain ceramic materials at a faster speed and lower energy consumption [1,2,3]. Nie et al [21] used a humidified atmosphere (Ar + 5 mol% H2 flowing through deionized water) to treat ZnO samples They found that the onset flash temperature of the ZnO could be reduced to room temperature by water. In 2020, Liu et al [25] revealed that the FS of ZnO could be triggered at room temperature when dripping two drops of water on the sample. They stated that this sintering is attributed to the water being at a high electric field, resulting in electric discharge and breakdown. Room-temperature FS of ZnO was achieved by using ethanol. It is hoped that this work will help researchers understand liquid-assisted FS at room temperature
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