Ethanol Leaf Extract of Moringaoleifera Mitigates Glycerol-Induced Acute Kidney Damage in Rats through down Regulation of KIM-1 and NF-?B Signaling Pathways

Abstract

Background:Acute kidney injury is a serious medical condition that usually results in sudden loss of renal function and high mortality rate in the world. The efficacy and the mechanisms of ethanol leaf extract of Moringaoleifera in promoting recovery from glycerol induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats was investigated in this study. Methods: Thirty-five adult male Wistar rats were randomly sorted into five groups of seven animals each. Control received distilled water alone, Untreated group received single glycerol (4 ml/kg) intramuscularly, two groups were pretreated orally with 50 and 100 mg/kg of Moringaoleifera respectively for seven days and then injected with a single glycerol (4ml/kg) subcutaneously on day eight. Another group received oral administration of Moringaoleifera alone at 100 mg/kg for seven days. The animals were later sacrificed through cervical dislocation twenty-four hours after glycerol was administered. Results:Serum and renal homogenate analysis revealed that glycerol induced significant increases in creatinine kinase renal band, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, myeloperoxidase, advanced oxidative protein products alongside a decrease in superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and an increase in the expression of Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) and Nuclear Factor Kappa Beta (NF-kB) using immunohistochemistry. Treatment with Moringaoleifera at both doses used brought on a reversal of these. Conclusion: These results support the hypothesis that oral administration of methanol stem extract of Moringaoleifera is effective in abrogating oxidative stress, attenuating inflammation, and enhancing nephrogenic repair after glycerol-induced AKI.