Abstract
Se sintetizaron composiciones de BaTiO3 dopadas con erbio empleando el método convencional de reacción en estado sólido en atmosfera de aire, de acuerdo a la formula general Ba1-xErxTi1-x/4O3 y x = 0,0; 0,003; 0,005; 0,01; 0,05; 0,1; 0,15; 0,20; 0,25; 0,30; 0,35 Er3+ (% peso). Las muestras de BaTiO3 dopadas con Er3+ fueron preparadas usando carbonato de bario [BaCO3], óxido de titanio [TiO2] y óxido de erbio [Er2O3] como precursores. Los polvos fueron decarbonatados a 900 °C por 12 h y sinterizados a 1400 °C por 12 h. La evolución estructural de las soluciones sólidas fue monitoreada por difracción de rayos X (DRX), espectroscopia Raman (ER), espectroscopia de infrarrojo (EI) y microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB-EDS). Los resultados mostraron que la fase cristalina de las partículas obtenidas fue BaTiO3 predominantemente tetragonal. Se encontró una fase secundaria identificada como pirocloro (Er2Ti2O7) cuando el contenido de Er3+ en las muestras fue mayor que 0,05 % peso. El límite de solubilidad de Er3+ en la estructura cristalina del BaTiO3 se alcanzó cuando x fue = 0,05. Los resultados obtenidos por MEB-EDS indicaron la incorporación de erbio en la estructura cristalina del BaTiO3. Los resultados de EI no mostraron bandas de contaminación de grupos O-H en los productos obtenidos.
Highlights
Erbium doped BaTiO3 compositions were synthetized using the conventional solid-state method in air atmosphere, according to the general formula Ba1-xErxTi1-x/4O3 and x = 0.0, 0.003, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35 Er3+
Barium titanate (BaTiO3) is a ferro-electric material that can be formulated in a large number of systems and solid solutions that provide a wide range of various applications
The structural behavior of BaTiO3 may be affected; this is why this study addresses the effect of the addition of Er3+ on the structural characteristics of B aTiO3
Summary
The powder mixture obtained was sintered at 1400 °C for 12 h in a platinum crucible in air atmosphere with heating and cooling rates of 5 °C·min-1, using a muffle furnace (Thermolyne model 46200). The powder mixes were ground again for 30 min in an agate mortar and compacted using uniaxial pressing at 250 MPa in an 8-mm stainless steel die, to produce green pellets of approximately 3 mm thickness. The pellets were sintered at 1400°C for 5 h in air atmosphere with heating and cooling rates of 5 °C·min-1. Raman studies for each sample obtained after sintering were performed in a spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer Spectrum Gx) over the range of 100–1200 wavelength (cm-1). To determine contamination of O-H group into the products, IR spectra were recorded for the samples with more significant results in the previous techniques using a Perkin Elmer 2000 FT-IR in the range 700–400 c m–1
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