Estudio Comparativo del Efecto del Macrodiseño en la Estabilidad Primaria del Implante Oseointegrado

Abstract

Osseointegrated implants are every day more used and the last installation techniques of these implants aim mostly to immediate loading, for which is of vital importance the primary stability of the implant and achieving it is a challenge in low density bone. It is known that many factors, from the patient itself or from the implant can affect the primary stability. One of these factors is the macroscopic design of the implant, and its effect on the primary stability in poor quality bone, was studied in this work to determinate if there is a difference in the primary stability between conical and cylindrical implants, using an in vitro model of porcine bone, emulating class III/IV bone. With this purpose, 12 Lifecore Biomedicals implants, 6 cylindrical and 6 conical, where installed in fresh porcine vertebrae. After that, peak insertion an removal torque, of all the implants, were measured and the radiographic characteristics of the bone/implant interface were observed. Conical implants showed significantly bigger peak insertion and removal torque values than cylindrical implants (p= 0,012 and p= 0,032 respectively). At the radiographic analysis was observed a bigger BIC for the conical implants than for the cylindrical, concluding that conical implants present a bigger primary stability than the cylindrical implants, when both are installed in poor quality bone.