Estratégias promotoras para a adesão das recomendações internacionais para a prevenção da pneumonia associada à ventilação: revisão sistemática da literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP), is the most common infection in the intensive care unit (ICU), defined as a lung infection that develops between 48 and 72 hours after endotracheal intubation has been performed. Objective: To identify promoting strategies for adherence to international recommendations for the prevention of VAP. Method: We chose the realization of a Systematic Literature Review (RSL), being the search performed by the use of the Boolean method in the search engines of EBSCO®, based on the descriptors crossings, with a time gap between 2008-2019. Results: After reviewing the studies, eight studies have been selected for this thematic analysis. Conclusion: The majority of the authors present effective strategies in promoting adherence to international recommendations, including the use of audits and feedback of results; training / education checklist; flow chart; reformulation of VAP prevention protocols by nurses, aiming to provide a sustainable change in practice. However there is no consensus on the strategy to be used, or if its set of individual versus will be the most appropriate. Further studies are suggested in order to improve the knowledge related to this theme.