Abstract
Aim. To estimate the possibilities of applying nanocomposites on the basis of saponite to increase biomet- ric indices of corn hybrid Kharkivsky 340 MV. Methods. laboratory (method of scanning electronic micros- copy, method of fl uorescence induction of chlorophylls, spectrophotometric method of determining the num- ber of green pigments, methods of determining biometric indices of plants), statistical. Results. This article presents the results of investigating the impact of nanocomposites on biometric indices of corn hybrid Kharkivsky 340 MV. It was established that presowing treatment of corn seeds with aqueous solutions of nanocomposites on the basis of saponite in the concentration of 300 mg/l stimulated growth indices of plants. Presowing soaking of seeds in nanocomposite solutions increased the energy of germination, sprouting and length of hybrid corn seedlings. The action of nanocomposite Nb-saponite (Et) in the concentration of 300 mg/l leads to the increase in the germination energy by 10.6 %, the length of a stem part – 2-fold, root system – by 30.3 % and the laboratory germination of seeds is 100 %. The height of a stem of corn plants in the phase of three leaves after presowing treatment of seeds with nanocomposites Saponite (H), Nb-Saponite (Cl) and Nb-Saponite (Et) in the concentration of 300 mg/l exceeded the control by 31.7, 26.2 and 42.7 %, and the length of the root system increased twice. The action of Saponite (H) and Nb-Saponite (Cl) led to the increase in the number and length of the main roots of corn, and Nb-Saponite (Et) stimulated the development of additional roots and formation of root fi brilla. The presowing treatment of corn seeds with the solutions of nanocomposites Saponite (H), Nb-Saponite (Cl), Nb-Saponite (Et) in the concentration of 300 mg/l promoted the increase in the vegetative mass by 35, 27.9 and 56.4 % compared to the control. At the impact of nanocomposites, the area of the leaf plate of plants increased by 20.4 % on average. There was an increase in the sum of chlorophylls (a + b) in plants, whose seeds were previously treated with nanocomposites Nb-Saponite (Cl) and Nb-Saponite (Et) in the concentration of 300 mg/l by 41.2 and 40.6 % compared to the control. Conclusions. The application of nanocomposites on the basis of saponite in the concentration of 300 mg/l for presowing treatment of corn seeds of hybrid Kharkivskyi 340 MV promoted the activation of growth indices and improved the process of photosynthesis.
Highlights
At present Ukraine’s agrarian sector needs new environmentally safe and ef¿cient preparations for treatment of agricultural crops, which would enhance seed-Traditionally salts of heavy metals and chelate compounds are used as microfertilizers in Ukraine and in the world, due to which there is accumulation of saltsESTIMATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF APPLYING NANOCOMPOSITES of heavy metals in the environment and aggravation of its ecological condition [1]
It was established that presowing treatment of corn seeds with aqueous solutions of nanocomposites on the basis of saponite in the concentration of 300 mg/l stimulated growth indices of plants
The action of nanocomposite Nb-saponite (Et) in the concentration of 300 mg/l leads to the increase in the germination energy by 10.6 %, the length of a stem part – 2-fold, root system – by 30.3 % and the laboratory germination of seeds is 100 %
Summary
Salts of heavy metals and chelate compounds are used as microfertilizers in Ukraine and in the world, due to which there is accumulation of salts. ESTIMATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF APPLYING NANOCOMPOSITES of heavy metals in the environment and aggravation of its ecological condition [1]. The use of a new kind of microfertilizers, based on nanoparticles, has found wider application. A promising direction of using nanoparticles is deemed to be their application in very low concentrations with the purpose of obtaining environmentally pure products [2]. The main aspect of nanotechnology development in plant cultivation is the production of new kinds of microfertilizers based on nanomaterials. Nanocomposites on the basis of saponite are promising meliorants of complex action, which promote greater harvest and increase the accumulation of resources of available nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and calcium and magnesium in soil [4,5]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call