Abstract
Abstract The backscatter part of the aerosol phase function PA(χ), where χ is the scattering angle, is difficult to measure from the ground. Experimental data for χ > 120° are not reported in the literature. Customarily, PA(χ) is calculated from Mie theory using an aerosol size distribution either prescribed or estimated by inversion of spectral or almucantar/aureole measurements. These results clearly require validation using direct measurements. In this paper, an empirical phase function of atmospheric aerosol over the ocean is estimated in backscatter (χ > 130°) from coincident measurements of upward radiance in channel 1 (0.63 μm) of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on board National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration satellites and sun-photometer aerosol optical thickness, δASP. This study uses 31 sun-photometer measurements, collected during two oceanic cruises over the North Atlantic in 1989 and 1991. The accuracies of both satellite radiances and sun-photometer δASP are wel...
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