Abstract
Objective: To derive regression equations for stature estimation from foot outline lengths of Iban ethnics in East Malaysia. Material and methods: The study was carried out at Sarawak state, northern Borneo Island in East Malaysia, involving 320 adult Iban subjects (160 males and 160 females).Informed consent and Human Ethical Approval were obtained. The heights of the individuals were recorded with portable height measuring device (SECA 206) and foot outlines were collected following the standard procedure. The data obtained were analyzed with PASW 20 computer software and derived regression equations to estimate stature from foot outline lengths of Iban ethnics. Results: Investigation revealed that all foot outline lengths exhibit statistically positive significant correlation with stature (p<0.001). The mean stature and foot outline lengths are found to be significantly higher in males than females. Correlation coefficient (R) values are found to be higher in the pooled sample (0.845–0.870) when compared with males (0.718–0.772) and females (0.695–0.748). Conclusion: The result of this investigation provided population specific regression equations for stature estimation from foot outline (complete and partial) lengths in Ibans of East Malaysia. The regression equations derived for the pooled sample can be used to estimate stature when the sex of the footprint remains unknown, as in real crime scenarios.
Highlights
The crime scene investigator needs to make rapid and accurate assessments in the field such as identifying possible suspects
Table-1 shows the descriptive statistics of stature measurements in males, females and pooled sample
The results showed that mean stature is found to be significantly higher in males than females
Summary
The crime scene investigator needs to make rapid and accurate assessments in the field such as identifying possible suspects. An aspect of human identification that has received scant attention from forensic anthropologists is the study of human feet and the footprints made by the feet. Person identification using footprint analysis is an emerging biometric technique. The characteristic features can provide useful clues to establish identity whenever complete or partial 2D and 3D foot impressions are recovered at the crime scenes 4. Foot impressions are found at crime scenes since offenders often remove their footwear, either to avoid noise or to gain better grip in climbing walls, etc, while entering or exiting. Analysis of foot and footprints help in estimation of an individual’s stature because of the existence of a strong correlation between one’s stature and foot/footprint length. The footprint provides the size dimensions of the foot’s plantar surface touching the floor or hard surface, which produces a two-dimensional footprint www.ssjournals.com
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