Abstract
A simulation model consisting of a deposition process and a wash-off process was proposed to evaluate the pollutant loads from urban roadways, and was verified based on field survey data obtained over a 5-year period in the Lake Biwa watershed. The model parameters were determined by minimizing the total sum of squares of differences between the observed data and simulated ones. By applying this model to all roadways in the watershed, the calculated amounts of COD(Mn), organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in particulate forms were 15.9, 15.7, 0.88 and 0.15 kg/(km(2) .d), respectively, and those in dissolved forms were 14.1, 12.5, 2.62 and 0.03 kg/(km(2) .d), respectively. From the results, the pollutant loads of COD(Mn), TN and TP obtained for the Lake Biwa watershed (total roadway area of 98.9 km(2)) were estimated to be 2,950, 350 and 18 kg/d, respectively.
Published Version
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