Estimation of Groundwater Recharges in Odeda Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria using Empirical Formulae

Oluseyi Adeleke,Ayobami Eruola,Oluwaseun Dada,Akintayo Ojo,Victor Makinde,Taiwo Aluko

doi:10.3390/challe6020271

Oluseyi Adeleke, Ayobami Eruola + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/challe6020271

Copy DOI

Journal: Challenges	Publication Date: Nov 27, 2015
Citations: 35	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Federal University of Agriculture

Abstract

Estimation and forecast of groundwater recharge and capacities of aquifers are essential issues in water resource investigation. In the current research, groundwater recharge and the recharge coefficient were determined through a case study using empirical methods applicable to the tropical zones. The related climatological data between January 1983 and December 2014 were collected from Ogun-Oshun River Basin Development Authority (OORBDA), Ogun State, Nigeria. Using empirical formulae. The results showed that groundwater recharge was 194.7 mm per year, evapotranspiration was 1296.2 mm per year, and the recharge coefficient was 20.2% for the study area. The result also showed that about 11% of rainfall infiltrated the aquifer, 73% was lost to evapotranspiration, and 16% ended up as run-off. Correlation between climatic parameters and groundwater recharge showed the highest correlation between recharge and rainfall. Temperature, humidity, solar radiation and evapotranspiraton were obtained at the 0.01 significance level; the results of linear regressions proved that precipitation has a significant effect (with R2 = 0.983) on estimated recharge.

Highlights

In arid and semi-arid regions, the search for water which are under increasing stress from the growing human population, poses a great challenge due to its scarcity [1]
Temperature, humidity, solar radiation and evapotranspiraton were obtained at the 0.01 significance level; the results of linear regressions proved that precipitation has a significant effect on estimated recharge
The results showed that evapotranspiration was correlated with solar radiation at the 0.01 significance level, with R2 = 0.647

Summary

Introduction

In arid and semi-arid regions, the search for water which are under increasing stress from the growing human population, poses a great challenge due to its scarcity [1]. Groundwater, as a dynamic system, is located beneath the Earth surface and moves under the control of many factors, which are influenced by forces that are dependent on hydrogeology, hydrology, and climatology [2]. As one of the factors controlling the situation and fluctuation of groundwater, is an important parameter that needs to be assessed more fully. Recharge, occurring in small and large scales, spatially and temporally, is influenced by several factors, such as meteorology, soil characteristics, geology, surface cover, slope, and depth of the groundwater level [3,4,5]. Groundwater recharge estimation from precipitation is an integral part of hydrology and hydrogeology [6]. Precipitation is the most important source of groundwater recharge [7] the accuracy of currently attainable techniques for measuring recharge are not completely acceptable

Methods

Results

Conclusion