Estimation of genetic variance on qualitative and quantitative improvement through biometrical approach half diallel analysis in (Triticum aestivum L)

Abstract

The present investigation entitled “Genetic studies for yield and its contributing character in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)” was undertaken involving 100 genotypes (10 parents +45 F1s +45F2s) of a 10- parent-diallel to study the genetic parameters for some quality and quantity attributes along with its contributing traits. The diverse wheat cultivars/ genotypes and their first as well as second filial generation was studied by resolving them in genetic component analysis and selection parameters (direct and indirect parameters). The observations were recorded on 13 characters namely, days to 75% flowering, plant height, number of reproductive tiller per plant, number of spikelets per spike, spike length, number of grain per spike, days to maturity, 1000-seed weight, ear density, duration of reproductive phase, seed hardness, protein content and yield per plant. The data recorded were subjected to different analysis. Forty five crosses in F1 generation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were used for studying the character association among grain yield and its related characters. The results showed that the number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike and number of productive tillers per plant were significantly and positively associated with grain yield per plant in parents and F1 cross combinations. Dickson and Jinks (1956) extended the above methods of diallel analysis, which estimated both the degree of parental heterozygosity and comparable genetic components of variation.