Assessment of Heritability, Genetic Advance and Correlation Coefficient in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

The present research investigation was conducted at Instructional farm of AKS University, Satna, Madhya Pradesh during rabi Season of 2022. The experimental material for the present research trial comprised of 20 diverse genotypes of wheat collected from different sources through the help from Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture Science, AKS University, Satna (M. P.). This experiment was conducted by using Randomized Block Design with three replications. Five plants were chosen aimlessly from every genotype in each replication. Data were recorded for 12 yield and its contributing traits viz. days to 50 % flowering, number of productive tillers per plant, peduncle length (cm), plant height (cm), spike length (cm), number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, days to maturity, 1000 seed weight (g), biological yield (g), harvest index (%) and grain yield per plant (g) to estimate the heritability, genetic advance and correlation coefficient among various yield and its contributing characters of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The results revealed highly significant difference for all the characters which expressed huge amount of diversity among 20 genotypes of wheat. The maximum value of heritability was shown by number of grains per spike (97.75), number of spikelets per spike (97.16), spike length (cm) (90.68), plant height (cm) (87.68), 1000 seed weight (g) (87.37), days to maturity (86.59), number of productive tillers per plant (84.77), days to 50 % flowering (84.24), grain yield per plant (g) (81.25) and peduncle length (cm) (78.23). Characters 1000 seed weight (g) (47.0977) followed by Spike length (cm) (41.0351), Number of grains per spike (39.9853), Number of productive tillers per plant (37.6517) and Number of spikelets per spike (30.6568) showed higher estimates of genetic advance in per cent of mean. The characters number of productive tillers per plant, spike length (cm), number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike and 1000 seed weight (g) exhibited great coupling in heritability and genetic advance. The characters number of spikelets per spike (0.8524**), number of grains per spike (0.8411**), biological yield (g) (0.8279**), spike length (cm) (0.7737**), days to maturity (0.7252**),1000 seed weight (g) (0.6038**) and plant height (cm) (0.4648*) exhibited positive significant correlation with grain yield per plant so maximum weightage should be given to these traits for further crop improvement program.