Estimation of Eco-Efficiency of Wastewater Management Plants Using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Method

Abstract

An eco-cost measurement was carried out to see the LCA process stages' efficiency in this study. The LCA process used in the wastewater treatment plant will carry out the steps in the LCA method. The four phases must be carried out correctly to provide good results when making decisions for improvements in each process unit carried out. When carrying out goals and scope, the process determines the goals to be achieved in wastewater management. Environmental impact calculations are carried out using SimaPro software. The nine types defined by the abbreviation are climate change or global warming potential (GWP), freshwater eco-toxicity potential (FETP), freshwater eutrophication potential (FEP), human toxicity potential (HTP), metal depletion potential (MDP), depletion ozone potential (ODP), particulate matter formation (PMF), terrestrial eco-toxicity potential (TETP), and water depletion potential (WDP). The value of the Eco-Efficiency Index (EEI) in the wastewater management installation is 0.183. Meanwhile, the Eco-Efficiency Ratio (EER Rate) value in the installation is -445.81% The total damage assessment resulting from the process is human health (DALY) of 0.00339, ecosystem quality (PDF m2yr) of 874,123 and resources (MJ Surplus) of 5,8234. Then the eco cost value for human health is IDR 4,293,393.642; ecosystem quality is IDR 20,944,494.07; land resources is IDR 409,629. Then the Eco- Efficiency Index (EEI) value in the wastewater management installation is 0.178. Thus the installation can be affordable (financially affordable) and not sustainable (not environmentally friendly) because the eco cost value is greater than the net value of the WWTP.