Abstract
The storage capacity of the batteries in an electric vehicle (EV) could be utilised to store electrical energy and give it back to the grid when needed by participating in vehicle to grid (V2G) schemes. This participation could be a source of revenue for vehicle owners thus reducing the total charging cost of their EVs. A V2G simulator has been developed using MATLAB to find out the potential cost saving from participation of EVs in V2G schemes. A standard IEEE30 network has been modelled in the simulator which uses the MATPOWER engine to undertake power flow analysis. A novel control algorithm has been developed to take advantage of the difference between the selling and buying electricity prices by charging and discharging EVs at the appropriate time. Two scenarios are simulated to compare the total charging cost of EVs with or without the utilisation of V2G technology within the power system assuming a total of 5000 EVs. The results of the simulation show that the applied control strategy with V2G is able to reduce the charging cost of EVs by 13.6 % while satisfying the minimum requirement for state of charge (SoC) of the EV batteries to complete their next journey.
Highlights
Electric vehicles (EVs) are predicted to be one of the main clean transport options in the future [1]
This paper investigates the utilisation of EVs as an electrical energy store to take advantage of the difference between the selling and buying electricity price to reduce the cost of charging EVs by selling some electricity back to the grid during high electricity price and buying electricity from the grid during the times when the electricity price is low
This paper proposed a novel dispatching strategy which is applied to the system for the charging and discharging of parked EVs within the IEEE30 [14] network while considering their capacity, state of charge (SoC), vehicle movement within the system, the electricity prices and the requirements of the driver and power system operator
Summary
Electric vehicles (EVs) are predicted to be one of the main clean transport options in the future [1]. Ma et al [8] have proposed a control strategy to charge/ discharge EVs by considering the electricity price They compared the results from two scenarios: with and without V2G operation. Zhong [9] has proposed a distributed framework for demand response and user adaptation in smart grid networks by using the concept of congestion pricing in internet traffic control. This paper proposed a novel dispatching strategy which is applied to the system for the charging and discharging of parked EVs within the IEEE30 [14] network while considering their capacity, state of charge (SoC), vehicle movement within the system, the electricity prices and the requirements of the driver and power system operator
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