Abstract
The third generation of China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) began to provide global services on 27 December, 2018. Differential code bias (DCB) is one of the errors in precise BDS positioning and ionospheric modeling, but the impacts on BDS-2 satellites and receiver DCB are unknown after joining BDS-3 observations. In this paper, the BDS-3 DCBs are estimated and analyzed using the Multi-Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Experiment (MGEX) observations during the period of day of year (DOY) 002–031, 2019. The results indicate that the estimated BDS-3 DCBs have a good agreement with the products provided by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Deutsche Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR). The differences between our results and the other two products are within ±0.2 ns, with Standard Deviations (STDs) of mostly less than 0.2 ns. Furthermore, the effects on satellite and receiver DCB after adding BDS-3 observations are analyzed by BDS-2 + BDS-3 and BDS-2-only solutions. For BDS-2 satellite DCB, the values of effect are close to 0, and the effect on stability of DCB is very small. In terms of receiver DCB, the value of effect on each station is related to the receiver type, but their mean value is also close to 0, and the stability of receiver DCB is better when BDS-3 observations are added. Therefore, there is no evident systematic bias between BDS-2 and BDS-2 + BDS-3 DCB.
Highlights
As is well-known, the second generation of China’s BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS-2) is a regional system, which has been providing service in the Asia-Pacific region since the end of 2012 [1].In recent years, with the rapid development of China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), the third generation of China’s BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS-3) began to provide global services on 27 December, 2018 [2]
The BDS-3 differential code bias (DCB) are estimated based on the MGEX observations during the period of day of year (DOY) 002–031, 2019
It can be seen that the Standard Deviations (STDs) of receiver DCB for the two solutions are mostly less than 0.4 ns, with the larger values of STD being more likely to exist at low latitudes
Summary
As is well-known, the second generation of China’s BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS-2) is a regional system, which has been providing service in the Asia-Pacific region since the end of 2012 [1]. In order to simplify the computation of common methods, another method which uses the TEC of the global ionospheric map (GIM) and directly estimates the value of satellite and receiver DCB was proposed [25]. An extended application of this method is to estimate Multi-GNSS DCB by the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) [14] Their DCB products are available at ftp://cddis.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/gps/products/mgex/dcb/ [27]. More MGEX stations with tracking BDS-3 and more BDS-3 satellites are available at present, providing us with a good opportunity to study the performance of BDS-3 DCB and the difference in both satellite and receiver DCB before and after adding BDS-3 observations.
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