Abstract
Investigation on precision and accuracy of gas chromatography equipped with thermal conductivity detector (GC-TCD) method for the measurement of CO2, C3H8, and CO as pollutant models at different flow rate of helium (He) carrier gas ranging from 17.50 to 36.25 ml/min were conducted. It was found that percentage of relative standard deviation (%RSD) values for both precision an accuracy show an overall gradual decrease as the carrier gas flow rates increased up to 25 ml/min. After that, the %RSD was found to increase with a further increase in the flow rate. These findings indicate that the flow rate of 25 ml/min was found to be the most precise and accurate level among all flow rates tested under experimental conditions of this study. While the %RSD values obtained at all flow rate are given in details. Consequently, our results suggest that the flow rate of carrier gas was a determining parameter for varying the precision and accuracy of the GC-TCD method. Owing to the fact that carrier gas act as a transporter of components of the mixture in the form of vapor or gas through the column, setting of the flow rate of carrier gas should in proper level achieve a precision and accuracy of the GC-TCD method.
Highlights
Investigation on precision and accuracy of gas chromatography equipped with thermal conductivity detector (GC-TCD) method for the measurement of CO2, C3H8, and carbon monoxide (CO) as pollutant models at different flow rate of helium (He) carrier gas ranging from 17.50 to 36.25 ml/min were conducted
Understanding how rate modifications of carrier gas flow is generally designated to achieve a high-quality measurement results that is otherwise unreliable. The use of He as carrier gas in the application of gas chromatography equipped with thermal conductivity detector (GC-TCD) method has been mainly addressed at constant flow rate including 11.3 [17], 20 [18], 23 [19], 25 [20], 30 [21] and 35 ml/min [22]
The flow rate of carrier gas may have a significant contribution to the operational efficiency of a GC system [33]; probably affect to the precision and accuracy of the GC-TCD method
Summary
Investigation on precision and accuracy of gas chromatography equipped with thermal conductivity detector (GC-TCD) method for the measurement of CO2, C3H8, and CO as pollutant models at different flow rate of helium (He) carrier gas ranging from 17.50 to 36.25 ml/min were conducted. Some common pollutants found in atmospheric environment include oxides of nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, volatile and persistent organic compounds [1,2,3] The presences of those harmful substances have significantly decreased the air quality, which create serious human health concerns. Results from our preliminary study (data not shown here) show that the GC’s key parameters (such as peak area, peak height, retention time, detector response, and resolution) are highly affected by flow rate change of the carrier gas [14]. These three gaseous pollutants were used because they are listed by the United Nation as the technical requirements for the type approval of motor vehicles, which is further adopted by Indonesian Government for vehicle emission standard requiring reporting and testing of both new [23] and used car [24]
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