Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the enzymatic profile of esterases and peroxidases during early stages of somatic embryogenesis of Fritillaria meleagris L. Somatic embryogenesis was induced using the leaf base as explant on a medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Zymography showed the presence of different moieties, six isoforms of esterases and peroxidases, during morphogenesis as compared to control explants. One isoform of esterases was detected only during the process of somatic embryogenesis, and one isoform was detected in control explants. Analysis of esterases with 1-naphthyl butyrate proved that esterases, which participate in somatic embryogenesis of F. meleagris, belong to the family of aryl esterases. For the first time it was proved that five isoforms of esterases, which are involved in morphogenesis of F. meleagris, belong to the family of aryl esterases, while two isoforms are carboxyl esterases. One isoform of carboxyl esterases was visible in control explants. This is also the first description of peroxidases during the morphogenetic process, and of the difference between aryl and carboxyl esterases. More isoforms of esterases during morphogenesis as compared to control explants are probably responsible for some early physiological process during somatic embryogenesis of F. meleagris.
Highlights
Fritillaria meleagris L. (Liliaceae) is a rare perennial bulbous plant distributed throughout temperate climates of the northern hemisphere
Analysis of esterases with 1-naphthyl butyrate proved that esterases, which participate in somatic embryogenesis of F. meleagris, belong to the family of aryl esterases
Aside from esterases, we described the isoform profile of peroxidases during morphogenesis of F. meleagris in bulb-scale culture [17]
Summary
Fritillaria meleagris L. (Liliaceae) is a rare perennial bulbous plant distributed throughout temperate climates of the northern hemisphere. (Liliaceae) is a rare perennial bulbous plant distributed throughout temperate climates of the northern hemisphere. This valuable ornamental plant has attractive purple-white flowers which produce seeds and subsequently bulbs that remain in the ground in the form of dormant bulbs during the rest of the year. Almost all Fritillaria species contain different types of alkaloids that are of interest to the pharmaceutical industry because of their antitussive and expectorant properties. Many of these species have been used in traditional medicine in China [1], Turkey [2] and Japan [3].
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