Abstract
Objective: To assess the dental arch forms of Yemeni adult sample.
 Materials & Method: The Eucledian clustering method of analysis was utilized for the determination of dental arch form. A total of 398 study models were constructed and evaluated to do measurements for both arches using a modified sliding caliper gauge. Six dental cast measurements divided into three sagittal and three transverse measurements were utilized to represent the dental arch width and length measurements.
 Result: Narrow form is the most prevalent arch form (30.9%) followed by wide form (23.9%), their prominence appear more in females and the least prevalent arch form was the mid form (9.3%), while flat and pointed forms were in between 18.3% and 17.6% respectively.
 Conclusion: Five arch forms: narrow, wide, mid, pointed and flat were distinguished as unique forms for the dental arches, with the predominance of the narrow arch form were found among Yemeni adults.
Highlights
The search for the elusive “ideal” arch form to suit every individual has been the focus of several reports
Five arch forms: narrow, wide, mid, pointed and flat were distinguished as unique forms for the dental arches, with the predominance of the narrow arch form were found among Yemeni adults
Dental arch form and shape varies in individuals based on anatomic dimensions of the craniofacial skeleton.[1,2]
Summary
The search for the elusive “ideal” arch form to suit every individual has been the focus of several reports. Dental arch form and shape varies in individuals based on anatomic dimensions of the craniofacial skeleton.[1,2] Qualitative description of the dental arch use terms like elliptic, parabolic or U-shaped; whereas mathematical methods include several curve-fitting algorithms like parabola, semi ellipse, catenary’s curve, conic section, cubic plane curve and second to eighth order polynomials.[3,4] Despite the huge efforts and research works done to determine the ideal arch form, there is little agreement among investigators about the natural shape of the dental arches. Hawley;[8] based on the earlier work of Bonwill[9] described the ideal arch as being constructed upon an equilateral triangle with slight modifications. Brader[3] proposed that the dental arch is best considered as a closed curve with the properties of a trifocal ellipse with the teeth occupying only the narrower end of the total curve
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