Abstract
Intensive research has been conducted with the aim of developing dental restorative/prosthetic materials with antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects that contribute to controlling bacterial infection in the oral cavity. In situ evaluations were performed to assess the clinical efficacy of these materials by exposing them to oral environments. However, it is difficult to recruit many participants to collect sufficient amount of data for scientific analysis. This study aimed to assemble an original flow-cell type bioreactor equipped with two flow routes and assess its usefulness by evaluating the ability to reproduce in situ oral biofilms formed on restorative materials. A drop of bacterial suspension collected from human saliva and 0.2% sucrose solution was introduced into the assembled bioreactor while maintaining the incubation conditions. The bioreactor was able to mimic the number of bacterial cells, live/dead bacterial volume, and volume fraction of live bacteria in the in situ oral biofilm formed on the surface of restorative materials. The usefulness of the established culture system was further validated by a clear demonstration of the anti-biofilm effects of a glass-ionomer cement incorporating zinc-releasing glasses when evaluated by this system.
Highlights
Intensive research has been conducted with the aim of developing dental restorative/prosthetic materials with antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects that contribute to controlling bacterial infection in the oral cavity
The number of bacterial cells in the biofilm on the resin composite disc, after being exposed to the oral environment for 24 h, was approximately 2 × 1 07 CFU, similar to the results previously reported for in situ biofilms formed on hydroxyapatite discs[23]
Results of this study revealed that glass‐ionomer cements (GICs) containing BioUnion filler reduced the volume of biofilm formed as well as the number of bacteria in the biofilm
Summary
Intensive research has been conducted with the aim of developing dental restorative/prosthetic materials with antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects that contribute to controlling bacterial infection in the oral cavity. The open-system biofilm model is a culture method in which bacterial suspensions and/or nutrients are constantly supplied to form a biofilm on the tested material In these models, a flow of bacterial fluid or culture medium, using a peristaltic pump, can simulate salivary perfusion in the oral cavity. Incorporation of antibacterial/anti-biofilm components has an influence on the growth of bacteria in the fluid and may inhibit the biofilm formed on the testing material distal to the inlet This is the disadvantage of an open-system biofilm model with one large chamber, such as the MRD system. Since DFR was not originally designed to reproduce oral biofilms, this device does not include a separate route for administering sucrose/glucose or other substances on the testing material other than the route for the bacterial suspension
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