Espondiloartritis. Espondilitis anquilosante

Abstract

IntroductionSpondyloarthritis (Spa) is the term used to describe patients with similar clinical features. There are ankylosing spondylitis, non-radiographic axial SpA (nr-axSpA), peripheral SpA, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis and arthritis associated with gastrointestinal disease. Pathogenesis and clinical manifestationsIn the pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis are involved gut microbiome, HLAB27 and the axis interleukin 23-interleukin 17. Patients with Spa have usually chronic inflammatory back pain, oligoarthritis in the lower extremities, dactylitis and enthesitis. Uveitis is the most frequent non-musculoskeletal disease. Classification criteriaThere are new classification criteria developed by the Assessment of Spondiloarthritis International Society (ASSAS). It allows us to make a diagnosis and early treatment of these patients, thus improving the quality of life, the morning stiffness and pain. TreatmentThe treatment should be phased, starting with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories. According to the response, and the involvement of the patient, disease modifying drugs, infiltrations articular and biological agents may be used. Non-pharmacological treatment with physiotherapy and the abandonment of the smoking habit should be recommended in all patients.