Abstract
Intravital microscopic studies into the cerebral cortical capillary circulation suggest that during physiological challenges to cerebral perfusion and oxygen supply, selective adjustments in flow of individual capillaries take place. Both global ischemia and hypoxemia produce redistribution of red blood cell flow so that the homogeneity of perfusion in the capillary network increases. An equalization of red blood cell flow between nutritive capillaries and thoroughfare channels may contribute to this response. In addition, hypoxemia induces the recruitment erythrocyte flow in the cerebral capillary network. Nitric oxide from a neuronal source contributes to the maintenance and enhancement of erythrocyte flow in cerebral capillaries during hypoxemia. The anatomical structure responsible for selective regulation of capillary flow is unclear; it may be an endothelial or specialized pericapillary contractile cell that is influenced by nitric oxide.
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