Erratum to: Gentamicin Reduces Calcific Nodule Formation by Aortic Valve Interstitial Cells In Vitro

Abstract

For the ARS assay, there was a significant reduction in the number of nodules with every increasing concentration of gentamicin. In addition, there was a significant increase in the average size per nodule for the 0.1 and 0.2 mM gentamicin groups compared to control (representative nodules shown in Figs. 1a, 1b). The overall decrease in nodule number and increase in nodule size from the control group to the 0.2 mM gentamicin group was 49 and 57%, respectively (Figs. 2a, 2b). The total calcified area was significantly reduced for the 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mM gentamicin groups, resulting in 21% less calcified area at the highest gentamicin concentration of 0.2 mM compared to control (Fig. 2c). Similar to the ARS assay, the von Kossa staining showed a significant decrease in nodule number at every increasing concentration of gentamicin and a significant increase in nodule size for the 0.1 and 0.2 mM gentamicin groups compared to control (data not shown; representative nodules shown in Figs. 1c– 1d). The overall decrease in nodule number and increase in nodule size from the control group to the 0.2 mM gentamicin group was 47 and 51%, respectively. The total calcified area also decreased with gentamicin concentration, with the 0.2 mM gentamicin group having 20% less calcified area than the control group (Fig. 3a). The same pattern was shown by the alkaline phosphatase assay, with the 0.2 mM gentamicin group having 49% less alkaline phosphatase compared to control (Fig. 3b). For both von Kossa total calcified area and the alkaline phosphatase assay, the 0.1 and 0.2 mM gentamicin groups were significantly different from controls.