Erratum to: Effects of the foliar application of calcium on photosynthesis, reactive oxygen species production, and changes in water relations in tomato seedlings under heat stress

Abstract

Many studies have investigated the impact of a single calcium salt on plant physiology under heat-stress, but it is difficult to determine the effect of calcium from those of its counterions. To address this, we investigated calcium-mediated heat tolerance in tomato seedlings using foliar sprays of four different salt solutions: CaCl2, CaNO3, MgCl2 or KNO3. 24 h heat-The application of CaCl2 and CaNO3 improved the operating efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) in the light-adapted state (ΦPSII), maximum quantum efficiency of PSII in the dark-adapted state (Fv/Fm), and the CO2 assimilation rate under the heat-stress condition. In contrast, the application of MgCl2 and KNO3 had no significant effect on,those parameters. The application of CaCl2 and CaNO3 resulted in a lower production of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, and cell death than the heat-stressed control plants. The application of MgCl2 and KNO3 also resulted in lower hydrogen peroxide and superoxide production, but to a lesser extent. Leaf osmotic potential values of seedlings treated with the salt solutions were lower than the control.