Erbb3 regulation of secretory differentiation in the intestinal epithelium

Abstract

Background: Previous work by our lab showed that intestinal-specific deletion of the ErbB3 receptor tyrosine kinase results in increased ileal Paneth cell numbers. These cells produce host defense peptides and support stem cells with growth factors. The mechanisms by which ErbB3 regulates Paneth cells are not well understood, but a candidate mediator is the polycomb repressor complex 1 component BMI1, which marks secretory progenitor cells. Furthermore, while there are no Paneth cells in the mouse colon, deep crypt secretory (DCS) cells are a distinct Reg4+ population that have some functional overlap with both Paneth and goblet cells; we will also test whether ErbB3 regulates DCS differentiation. Overall we are testing the hypothesis that ErbB3 regulates secretory cell numbers through BMI1. Methods: We bred Villin-Cre;ErbB3flox/flox mice (ErbB3ΔIE) to delete ErbB3 from the intestinal epithelium. Colonic sections from ErbB3ΔIE and ErbB3flox/flox littermates were subjected to RNAscope in situ hybridization for Reg4. RNA from mucosal scrapings (both ileum and colon) was assessed by qPCR for Reg4, Bmi1, and Lgr5. To test signaling mechanisms, we treated HT-29 cells with NRG-1β to activate ErbB3, +/- inhibitors to PI3K (LY294002), MEK/MAPK (U0126), or BMI1 (PTC-209). Colonoids and enteroids from ErbB3ΔIE and ErbB3flox/flox mice were used to confirm responses in a non-transformed system. Results: In ErbB3ΔIE mice, the colonic epithelium showed increased Reg4 levels and more Reg4+ cells compared to littermate controls, similar to our published data for the Paneth cell marker Lyz1 in ileum. BMI1 RNA and protein levels were also increased in both small and large intestinal mucosal scrapings from ErbB3ΔIE mice vs. littermates. ErbB3ΔIE colonoids had increased Reg4 versus control colonoids, and NRG-1β reduced levels in control but not ErbB3ΔIE cultures. Ileal enteroids showed a decrease in Lyz1 expression with Bmi1 inhibition and an increase in Bmi1 expression with PI3K and MAPK blockade. In HT-29 cells, NRG-1β treatment reduced Reg4 and Bmi1 expression. Conversely, Reg4 and Bmi1 were induced by PI3K inhibition with LY294002 (p<0.03) (p<0.0005) or MEK/MAPK inhibition with U0126 (p<0.05) (p<0.0001). Conclusions: NRG1-ErbB3 signaling restricts both ileal Paneth ( Lyz1+) and colonic DCS ( Reg4+) cell numbers. Furthermore, ErbB3 regulates Bmi1 expression through PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling and BMI1 activity promotes secretory cell development. Since loss of DCS or Paneth cells has been shown to disrupt the intestinal stem cell niche and secretory cell markers are altered in several intestinal disease states, these results may point to potential future therapeutic avenues targeting this regulatory mechanism. NIH/NIDDK award R01DK095004. This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2024 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.