Abstract
Motivated by the fact that the real driving NOx emissions (RDE) of conventional diesel vehicles can exceed the legislation norms by far, a concept for the control of RDE with a diesel parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is proposed. By extending the well-known equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS), the power split degree of freedom is used to control the NOx emissions and the battery state of charge (SOC) simultaneously. Through an appropriate formulation of the problem, the feedback control is shown to be separable into two dependent PI controllers. By hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments, as well as by simulations, the proposed method is shown to minimize the fuel consumption while tracking a given reference trajectory for both the NOx emissions and the battery SOC.
Highlights
Light-duty diesel vehicles are known for their low fuel consumption, as compared to gasoline vehicles.due to legislative restrictions, vehicle manufacturers continuously have to make considerableEnergies 2014, 7 efforts to reduce the pollutant emissions of diesel vehicles
The goal of this subsection is first to show that the real driving NOx emissions (RDE)-equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) presented in Section 3 works in practice, and second, that the quasi-static modeling for the fuel consumption and the NOx emissions is sufficient
In the HIL experiments here, the desired torque command, which is calculated by the energy management controller, is sent to the electronic control unit (ECU) of the engine, while the desired engine speed command is sent to the dynamometer of the engine test bench
Summary
Light-duty diesel vehicles are known for their low fuel consumption, as compared to gasoline vehicles.due to legislative restrictions, vehicle manufacturers continuously have to make considerableEnergies 2014, 7 efforts to reduce the pollutant emissions of diesel vehicles. Light-duty diesel vehicles are known for their low fuel consumption, as compared to gasoline vehicles. Due to legislative restrictions, vehicle manufacturers continuously have to make considerable. Energies 2014, 7 efforts to reduce the pollutant emissions of diesel vehicles. The legislative limits have been continuously reduced over the last decade, the real driving emissions, which are the emissions emitted during every-day driving, can far exceed the legislative limits, even for Euro 6 certified light-duty vehicles, as shown in several studies [1,2,3,4,5]. The manufacturers unavoidably focus the optimization effort on such types of vehicle operating conditions. To reduce the discrepancy between the certified and the real-world pollutant emissions, the European commission is currently discussing measures to limit real driving emissions [5]
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