Equilibrium charge distributions for B, C, N ions passing through solid and gaseous media

Abstract

Abstract The equilibrium charge state distributions (ECSD) for fast B, C, N ions penetrating through solid and gaseous targets are investigated with atomic collision theories. For the electron-capture and -loss processes, the two-state atomic expansion method and the Born approximation are used respectively. With the increase of the ion velocity, the equilibrium mean charge becomes saturated and the distribution width becomes narrower. The numerical calculations for the ECSD are in good agreement with the experimental results.