Abstract
Leukemia is a chronic infectious viral disease of a tumor nature. The disease is widespread in different countries of the world and is relevant for most regions of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the work is to study the epizootic situation of leukemia in cattle in livestock farms of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation. A complex epizootological method and evidence-based epizootology methods were used in the work. Objects of research are dysfunctional points, sick cattle. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the epizootic situation for the period 2012–2016. In the analyzed period, a total of 470 dysfunctional points for leukemia were identified, which amounted to 29.59 % of the total number of dysfunctional points in the Russian Federation and 62908 animals with leukemia were registered, which amounted to 36.90 % of the total number of diseased animals in Russia. Despite the decrease in the number of cattle infected with leukemia in five subjects, and the absence of animals that died from leukemia in all 18 subjects of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation during 2012–2016, the epizootic situation of leukemia in the whole region remains quite tense, which is explained by the failure to comply with the basic requirements of the state veterinary service regarding sanitary anti-leukemia measures, according to the “Rules for the Prevention and Control of Leukemia of Large R gatogo cattle “ (1999.).
Highlights
The causative agent of bovine leukemia, the RNA-containing virus, belongs to the familyRetroviridae of the genus Deltaretrovirus.Pathogens of leukemia and sarcoma of cats, leukemia of birds, adenomatosis and visnamedi of sheep, infectious anemia of horses, leukemia and human immunodeficiency (HIV infection) belong to this family
In the course of studying and analyzing the epizootic situation with bovine leukemia in the territory of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation, it was found that the number of new dysfunctional points in all 18 subjects of the Central
In many countries of the world and in various constituent entities of the Federation, the spread of leukemia has retained significant proportions that seriously threaten the development of dairy cattle farming
Summary
The causative agent of bovine leukemia, the RNA-containing virus, belongs to the family. Pathogens of leukemia and sarcoma of cats, leukemia of birds, adenomatosis and visnamedi of sheep, infectious anemia of horses, leukemia and human immunodeficiency (HIV infection) belong to this family. A high level of affinity was revealed between the bovine leukemia virus and the human. A characteristic feature of retroviruses is that in most cases they do not cause the death of an infected cell. On the contrary, they constantly stimulate it, induce it to divide and activate physiological functions. All retroviruses, including the bovine leukemia virus, have common characteristic features: the presence of two biological forms – the viral
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