Epigenetic Reprogramming During Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer: Recent Progress and Future Directions.

Xiangyu Wang,Zhonghua Liu,Hongbin He,Jie Li,Yanjun Huan,Jiadan Qu

doi:10.3389/fgene.2020.00205

Abstract

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has broad applications but is limited by low cloning efficiency. In this review, we mainly focus on SCNT-mediated epigenetic reprogramming in livestock and also describe mice data for reference. This review presents the factors contributing to low cloning efficiency, demonstrates that incomplete epigenetic reprogramming leads to the low developmental potential of cloned embryos, and further describes the regulation of epigenetic reprogramming by long non-coding RNAs, which is a new research perspective in the field of SCNT-mediated epigenetic reprogramming. In conclusion, this review provides new insights into the epigenetic regulatory mechanism during SCNT-mediated nuclear reprogramming, which could have great implications for improving cloning efficiency.

Highlights

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is an assisted reproduction technology for the generation of cloned mammals that involves the culture of donor somatic cells and oocytes, transplantation of donor cell nuclei into enucleated oocytes, activation of reconstructed embryos, and transfer of cloned embryos into surrogates (Figure 1)
Studies have shown that H3K9me3 is enriched in the promoters of genes against SCNT-mediated nuclear reprogramming, suggesting that incomplete H3K9me3 demethylation is an inhibitor of the development of cloned embryos (Matoba et al, 2014; Liu W. et al, 2016; Zhai et al, 2018)
We present our understanding of SCNTmediated nuclear reprogramming, especially the factors contributing to low cloning efficiency, and that incomplete epigenetic reprogramming leads to the low developmental potential of cloned embryos

Summary

Introduction

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is an assisted reproduction technology for the generation of cloned mammals that involves the culture of donor somatic cells and oocytes, transplantation of donor cell nuclei into enucleated oocytes, activation of reconstructed embryos, and transfer of cloned embryos into surrogates (Figure 1). Studies have shown that H3K9me3 is enriched in the promoters of genes against SCNT-mediated nuclear reprogramming, suggesting that incomplete H3K9me3 demethylation is an inhibitor of the development of cloned embryos (Matoba et al, 2014; Liu W. et al, 2016; Zhai et al, 2018).

Results

Conclusion