Abstract
Bovine mastitis is very common in cows of both developed and developing countries. The prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis (SCM) varies from region to region. Hence, the present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of mastitis using three diagnostic tests by considering different risk factors like age, lactation, breed, season, quarters, and herd. The results showed that surf field mastitis test (SFMT) is the most sensitive test for diagnosis of bovine mastitis, the older age and cows with later part of lactation period were more prone to bovine mastitis, and exotic breeds like Holstein freshen (HF) were more susceptible to bovine mastitis. The highest incidence of mastitis was recorded in monsoon season. The prevalence of subclinical and clinical mastitis was more in single and two quarters, respectively, and the rate of bovine mastitis was more in unorganized herds. The study concluded that SCM is directly associated with age, lactation period, and environmental factors of the cow and clinical mastitis is more associated with breed of the cow and environmental conditions.
Highlights
Mastitis is inflammation of mammary gland affecting all the species of domestic animals and is of great concern to dairy industry
The highest prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) in cows was recorded in surf field mastitis test (SFMT) followed by sulphate test (SLST) and the least was recorded in white side test (WST)
The highest prevalence of clinical mastitis in cows was recorded by SFMT, followed by SLST and WST (Table 1)
Summary
Mastitis is inflammation of mammary gland affecting all the species of domestic animals and is of great concern to dairy industry. Mastitis is very common in cows of both developed and developing countries. Clinical mastitis is detected by the changes in physical appearance of milk, swelling, redness, and rise in temperature of udder whereas animals with SCM do not exhibit any gross changes in milk or udder and can be detected only through laboratory tests [1]. The diagnosis of SCM is more problematic since milk appears normal. Diagnosis of mastitis is vital because changes in the udder tissue take place much earlier before they become apparent. Various methods, based on physical and chemical changes of milk and isolation of organisms, are used for diagnosis of subclinical mastitis [2, 3]. Milk culture identifies the presence of mastitis pathogens but does not provide a measure of degree of inflammation associated with infection
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