Epidemiology, clinical features, and outcomes of intussusception in young children: A tertiary center experience

Abstract

Background: Intussusception in young and old children is different. A study of clinical features, associations, and outcomes of these cases would enhance understanding to guide proper management. Objectives: Analysis of the epidemiology, associations, clinical features, and management outcomes of intussusception in children younger than 2 years. Patients and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study on intussusception patients younger than 2 years was conducted from January 2018 to December 2022 in the department of pediatric surgery at a tertiary center. Demographic details, clinical features, and management outcomes data were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of patients were 133 with mean, median, and modal age of 9.5, 7, and 6 months, respectively; the maximum incidence was in March. 81.95% of cases were idiopathic; important lead points were Meckel diverticulum, inflamed appendix, roundworm, cecal duplication, and intraluminal polyps. Two postoperative cases occurred in Wilms’ tumor and congenital diaphragmatic hernia patients, whereas two postrotavirus vaccination cases were seen. Ten (7.5%) had associated malrotation which necessitated Ladd’s procedure. Only 15 cases presenting early responded to nonoperative treatment (9/15 hydrostatic reduction and 6/15 conservative management); among late presenters, 12.71% had manual reduction, 68.64% had resection and anastomosis while in 16.95%, temporary stoma was needed. Wound infection, burst abdomen, subacute intestinal obstruction, recurrent intussusception, peristomal excoriation, and stomal prolapse were a few complications along with one death. Conclusion: Intussusception in children younger than 2 years is a heterogeneous group. Although mostly idiopathic, several associations and well-defined lead points require additional intervention. Early diagnosis and prompt intervention ensure a favorable outcome with fewer complications.