Epidemiological study of body fat percentage, lean body mass, and total body water for Asian patients with chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition can have reversible effects on patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Patients with CKD are exposed to a wasting syndrome, because of disorders of nutrient absorption, excretion, and other factors. Aim: The aim is to identify changes in body fat percent (BFP), lean body mass (LBM), and total body water (TBW) percentage in patients with CKD using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Setting and Design: This study was conducted in 438 CKD patients (212 males and 226 females) attending a Nephrology Clinic in a Tertiary Level University hospital from 2008 to 2014, who were followed up for 6 months. Materials and Methods: The anthropometric and BIA data of all patients, who consented to participate, was collected and analyzed for LBM, BFP, and percentage of TBW. Results: Correlation coefficient of body mass index (BMI) and glomerular filtration rate is 0.20 and 0.227 in men and women in 0 week (baseline), respectively. In 24 weeks (endpoint), that is, 0.526 and 0688. In male patients, the average value of BFP was decreased 0.9%–1.4%, the average LBM was decreased 0.5–1.3 (kg/m, height), and then the average percentage of TBW was increased 0.3%–0.9% after G3 stage. In one side, in female patients, BFP was increased 0.3%–2.9%, the LBM was decreased 0.4–0.7 (kg/m, height), and then average percentage of TBW was increased 0.2%–0.8% after G3 stage. Collectively, BMI, LBM, and BFP were decreased according to CKD stage, in contrast with this, TBW percentage was increased. Discussion: These results suggest that protein-energy malnutrition is the main factor related to malnutrition in patients with CKD. The LBM and BFP were decreased, and percentage of TBW was increased in CKD.