Abstract
Syphilis is an infectious disease of bacterial nature, acting on organs and/or systems. The increase in the number of cases worldwide has been of concern and the infection has been considered a public health problem. Given this scenario, this study evaluates the epidemiological profile, spatial distribution, and time series of the cases of acquired syphilis, syphilis in pregnant women, and congenital syphilis in a Brazilian municipality. This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study with second data of the notified cases. For the definition of the population universe, an initial survey of syphilis cases notified in the municipality was carried out, from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017. There was an increase in the notified cases and the detection/incidence rates of syphilis. The epidemiological profile was composed of men (76.7%), adults (24.8%), white (60.4%), with eight or more years of study (53.7%) in addition to pregnant adolescents (36.7%) and young adults (26.0%), with inadequate treatment and untreated partners. A concentration of cases was identified in the regions with the lowest monthly income and the time series showed an increasing trend (p-value < 0.001). Health actions should continue to improve access to diagnosis and to notification, focusing on treatment, cure and health education actions to control and prevent new cases.
Highlights
Syphilis is an infectious disease of bacterial nature, acting on organs and/or systems
12 cases were excluded because the individuals did not live in the municipality and because they were not confirmed by epidemiological surveillance, which resulted in 671 confirmed cases reported
There was an increase in the detection rates of acquired syphilis and syphilis in pregnant women and in the incidence rate of congenital syphilis (Table 1)
Summary
Syphilis is an infectious disease of bacterial nature, acting on organs and/or systems. The increase in the number of cases worldwide has been of concern and the infection has been considered a public health problem. Given this scenario, this study evaluates the epidemiological profile, spatial distribution, and time series of the cases of acquired syphilis, syphilis in pregnant women, and congenital syphilis in a Brazilian municipality. Considered a compulsory notification infection and, mandatory in Brazil, it is classified as acquired syphilis, syphilis in pregnant women, and congenital syphilis. For the control of epidemics and cases of health problems, the Brazilian Ministry of Health instituted, through Law No 6,259, of October 30, 1975, the need to notify some diseases present in the Compulsory Notification List, currently in force throughout the national territory by Ordinance. In 2005, syphilis in pregnant women was added to the list and, in 2010, the acquired syphilis [7,8]
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