Abstract
Introdução: A evolução dos casos da COVID-19 no Brasil se apresentou de forma complexa, com muitas diferenças entre as regiões do país. O estudo objetiva traçar o perfil epidemiológico da doença no estado de Alagoas, Brasil. Delineamento:Trata-se de uma pesquisa observacional, descritiva, retrospectiva e com abordagem quantitativa, realizado no estado de Alagoas, Brasil. A coleta foi realizada diante dos informes publicados pela Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de Alagoas (SESAU/AL) com a inclusão dos dados de até 30/07/2020. Investigou-se sexo, faixa etária (em anos), raça, comorbidades, além da frequência de casos confirmados cumulativamente e óbitos segundo semana epidemiológica de confirmação. Os dados foram agrupados no Microsoft Excel® a partir de uma análise descritiva. Resultados: Foram registrados 58.979 casos confirmados e 1.554 óbitos. Os óbitos ocorreram em maior concentração na semana 31, em pessoas pardas, idosos, sexo masculino e com comorbidades. Implicações: o conhecimento do perfil epidemiológico da COVID-19 no estado de Alagoas evidencia a necessidade de constante monitoramento dos casos, fortalecimento da vigilância em saúde, aumento das medidas de contenção ao vírus, além de implementação de estratégias que levem em consideração os grupos mais vulneráveis à infecção.
Highlights
The evolution of the cases of COVID-19 in Brazil presented itself in a complex way, with many differences between the regions of the country
In Latin America, Brazil was the first country to declare a case of the disease, which was confirmed in February 2020.Two months later, a total of 65,000 cases of COVID-19 were reported by all Latin American countries.[9]
It was possible to characterize the epidemiological profile of COVID-19 in the state of Alagoas, in which young adult women and elderly men, predominantly manifested Flu Syndrome (FS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), respectively
Summary
The evolution of the cases of COVID-19 in Brazil presented itself in a complex way, with many differences between the regions of the country. Characterized by a respiratory disease, COVID-19 can present itself in two different ways: through a Flu Syndrome (FS), that is, with milder symptoms, such as fever, coughs, sore throat, myalgia and arthralgia, or, still, through a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), which is characterized as a worsening of FS, with dyspnea and respiratory distress, requiring oxygen therapy as treatment.[2,3] In this context, the rapid spread of the virus, explained by its mode of transmission, through droplets from the saliva, cough or sneeze of an infected person,[4] resulted in an international spread of the infection, making it three months after the first outbreak of COVID-19 in China, more than 140 countries reported cases of the disease. In Latin America, Brazil was the first country to declare a case of the disease, which was confirmed in February 2020.Two months later, a total of 65,000 cases of COVID-19 were reported by all Latin American countries.[9]
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