Epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Mianyang, Sichuan, 2009-2019

Abstract

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Mianyang during the 20092019 period, and we provide scientific basis for the control of imported malaria. Methods The epidemic situation was collected from the infectious disease reporting information system and the epidemiological investigation data of imported malaria during 2009–2019 in Mianyang. The data were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological. Results A total of 169 imported malaria cases were reported during 2009–2019 in Mianyang, all were laboratory confirmed cases, with an average annual incidence rate of 0.43/100 000. There were 64 cases (37.876%) of vivax malaria, 91 cases (53.85%) of falciparum malaria, 5 cases (2.96%) of ovale malaria, 1 case (0.59%) of quartan malaria and 8 cases (4.73%) of mixed infections. Imported cases were reported all the year round, June and July had the most cases, with 22 cases each, accounting for 26.04% of the whole year. There were 10 cases (5.92%) imported from other province in China, 38 cases (22.49%) imported from 6 countries in Asia, 121 cases (71.60%) imported from 24 countries in Africa. Imported malaria cases have been reported in 10 counties. The average age of the cases was (38.45±11.74) years. Malaria cases were majorly young men working as peasant and migrant workers. The average time from symptom appearing to being diagnosed was 4.18 d, 39.05% and 56.21% of the patients were diagnosed in municipal and county medical treatment units, respectively. Conclusion The situation of imported malaria from overseas is still serious in Mianyang. It is important to improve the malaria diagnosis and treatment, and strengthen the health education of migrant workers and their families in order to achieve better prevention and control of imported malaria in the area and put an end to secondary cases. 摘要:目的 分析 2009—2019 年四川省绵阳市输人性疟疾的流行病学特征, 为进一步加强输人性疟疾防治工作提 供科学依据。 方法 通过法定传染病报告信息管理系统, 收集绵阳市 2009—2019 年疟疾病例流行病学资料和病例个 案调査资料。采用描述性流行病学方法对这些资料进行统计学分析。 结果 2009—2019 年绵阳市共有 169 例输人性 疟疾病例, 均为实验室确诊病例, 年均发病率 0.43/10 万。其中间日疟64 例 (37.87%)、恶性疟 91 例(53.85%)、三日疟1 例 (0.59%)、卵型疟 5 例 (2.96%)、混合感染 8 例 (4.73%)。输人性病例全年均有分布, 6 月和 7 月最多, 均为 22 例, 占全年 的26.04%。169例输人性疟疾病例中, 10 例 (5.92%)来自国内其他省份, 38 例 (22.49%)来自亚洲 6 个国家, 121 例 (71.60%)来自非洲 24 个国家。全市10 个县市区均有输人性疟疾病例报告。病例平均年龄 (38.45±11.74) 岁, 主要为男 性青壮年, 职业以农民、工人为主。发病至诊断时间平均为 4.18d, 39.05%、56.21% 的病例分别在县级、市级医疗机构确 诊。 结论 绵阳市输人性疟疾疫情仍然严峻, 应引起高度重视, 需进一步加强输人性疟疾防控;提高医务人员疟疾诊 治能力, 完善疟疾监测体系, 加强对重点地区重点人群尤其是出境人员和高疟区回归人员的健康教育, 防止继发病例 发生。