Abstract
Enzymes are highly efficient and selective biocatalysts, present in the living beings. They exist in enormous varieties in terms of the types of reactions catalyzed by them for instance oxidation-reduction, group transfers within the molecules or between the molecules, hydrolysis, isomerization, ligation, bond cleavage, and bond formation. Besides, enzyme based catalyses are performed with much higher fidelity, under mild reaction conditions and are highly efficient in terms of number of steps, giving them an edge over their chemical counter parts. The unique characteristics of enzymes makes them highly applicable fora number of chemical transformation reactions in pharmaceutical industries, such as group protection and deprotection, selective acylation and deacylation, selective hydrolysis, deracemization, kinetic resolution of racemic mixtures, esterification, transesterification, and many others. In this review, an overview of the enzymes, their production and their applications in pharmaceutical syntheses and enzyme therapies are presented with diagrams, reaction schemes and table for easy understanding of the readers.
Highlights
HighlightsEnzymes are the functional proteins or nucleic acids (Ribozymes), known as biocatalysts that facilitate the execution of biochemical reactions at the rates which are suitable for the normal functioning, growth, and proliferation of any living system, including unicellular or multicellular plants as well as animals [1,2,3]
The reactions catalyzed by enzymes are highly efficient, that is, they occur under ambient environmental conditions, that is, temperature, pH, and pressure
The applications of enzymes in pharmaceuticals may be vast, the aim of this review is to focus on the prospects of biocatalysts in the manufacturing of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), as aids for the production of health supplements, and as enzyme therapy for treatment of a number of diseases
Summary
Enzymes are the functional proteins or nucleic acids (Ribozymes), known as biocatalysts that facilitate the execution of biochemical reactions at the rates which are suitable for the normal functioning, growth, and proliferation of any living system, including unicellular or multicellular plants as well as animals [1,2,3]. As enzymes are functional outside the cells (or organisms), they are used in a number of industrial applications such as synthesis of pharmaceuticals such as drugs, process grain juices into lager and wine, leaven dough for bread production, production of agrochemicals, artificial flavors, biopolymers, waste remediation, and many others [7]. Insights related to the market forecast of the most widely used enzymes like proteases, carbohydrases, and lipases and their market for pharmaceutical and healthcare sectors is presented here for the reference of the readers. The applications of enzymes in pharmaceuticals may be vast, the aim of this review is to focus on the prospects of biocatalysts in the manufacturing of APIs, as aids for the production of health supplements, and as enzyme therapy for treatment of a number of diseases
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call