Abstract
Abstract Enzyme promiscuity can be classified into substrate promiscuity, condition promiscuity and catalytic promiscuity. Enzyme promiscuity results in far larger ranges of organic compounds which can be obtained by biocatalysis. While early examples mostly involved use of lipases, more recent literature shows that catalytic promiscuity occurs more widely and many other classes of enzymes can be used to obtain diverse kinds of molecules. This is of immense relevance in the context of white biotechnology as enzyme catalysed reactions use greener conditions.
Highlights
The basic tenet of white biotechnology is to minimize damage to the environment rather than taking recourse to remediation as an “end of the pipe” solution [1,2]
As we explore more and more catalytic promiscuity of enzymes, it is necessary that we keep in mind that some of these may be caused by contaminating proteins
While during early few years, examples of catalytic promiscuity were mostly concerned with applications of lipases; last few years have seen other classes of enzymes being capable of showing catalytic promiscuity
Summary
The basic tenet of white biotechnology is to minimize damage to the environment rather than taking recourse to remediation as an “end of the pipe” solution [1,2]. One can use organic solvent phase to dissolve substrates and aqueous phase can contain the enzyme This makes the catalytic process very efficient in case the substrate inhibition is involved [31]. Liu et al [50] have reported asymmetric aldol reactions between isatin derivatives with cyclic ketones catalyzed by nuclease p1 from Penicillium citrinum This example of catalytic promiscuity provides a green approach for the synthesis of pharmaceutically active compounds. While the reaction carried out was essentially a normal one, the binding modes of the substrates were different with different ADHs and show how different parts of the active site of the enzymes can be involved in binding This is a good illustration of substrate promiscuity being exploited for designing useful synthetic strategies.
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