Abstract
The study introduces a systematic process aimed at the production of a biofertilizer formulation utilizing kitchen waste as the primary bioresource. This process effectively tackles challenges associated with the management of municipal solid waste and the economical synthesis of environmentally sustainable biofertilizers. The employed approach, known as simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation, incorporates a highly efficient in-house developed multi-enzyme preparation derived from Aspergillus niger P-19 along with a consortium of plant growth-promoting microorganisms, namely Klebsiella pneumoniae KMB-407, Micrococcus luteus AS-17, and Azotobacter chroococcum AZ-1. The outcome is the creation of a stable liquid biofertilizer formulation with a viable count of 1.78 × 1015 CFU/mL. Upon applying this biofertilizer formulation to Solanum lycopersicum (Tomato) plants, significant improvements were observed in both plant productivity and soil quality. Additionally, positive effects were noted in terms of enhanced flowering and fruiting of the treated plants compared to the control group.
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