ENVIRONMENTALLY ACCEPTABLE NORMS OF MAN-MADE LOADS ON IRRIGATED LANDS DURING WASTEWATER DISPOSAL

Abstract

Nature management in a broad sense is considered as a combination of various forms of exploitation of the natural resource potential of natural and natural-man-made systems and measures to preserve it. Its most important component is the preservation, reproduction and rational change of the ecological balance of natural systems. It is from these positions that it seems necessary to determine environmentally acceptable norms of man-made loads on irrigated lands during the disposal of wastewater, widely used in the practice of water supply and sanitation. The use of wastewater from industrial and municipal facilities for irrigation of land is of fundamental importance from both ecological and economic positions. From an ecological point of view, the use of wastewater for irrigation of agricultural crops, in the presence and creation of waste-free and safe technologies for their disposal in irrigation fields, can serve as the basis for rational nature management, since at the same time the ecological sustainability of landscapes is ensured, which in turn makes possible the long-term exploitation of natural resources without their pollution and degradation. From an economic point of view, by creating agricultural landscapes in unproductive lands, using wastewater from industrial and municipal facilities, it is possible to ensure the production of a certain amount of agricultural products, provided that the damage caused to the natural system (S) will be less than the profit (S). Under these conditions, the object of wastewater disposal is the soil, which requires the need to determine a number of environmentally effective ways to optimize the soil-forming process, which would create, in an agroecological and economic sense, a perfect technology for their disposal, taking into account the laws of nature.