Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) in the hotel industry: a strategy for brand management, brand tribalism, and brand choice

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ABSTRACT This study developed environmental, social, and governance (ESG) attributes in the hotel industry and tested their effect on hotel brand and consumer behavior using mixed methods. The qualitative approach was used to develop 11 hotel ESG attributes, while the quantitative approach was used to test research hypotheses. Furthermore, a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis was used to test necessary and sufficient conditions. The results showed that most of the hypotheses were accepted, and that hotel ESG attributes had a positive effect on hotel brand and consumer behavior. Based on the results, this study provides meaningful and important insights into hotel ESG.