Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of maritime and air transportation on the environment and economy of Iran. The authors specify two dynamic models of the environmental pollution and the economic growth. Then, the authors estimate the environmental and economic elasticities of maritime and air transportation in short run and long run in Iran during 1978–2012. Design/methodology/approach The authors estimate the environmental and economic elasticities of maritime elasticities in short and long run, using simultaneous equations system. Findings The findings indicate that the short- and long-run environmental pollution elasticities of maritime transportation are higher than those of the air ones. In addition, the economic growth elasticities are greater in the air transportation compared to maritime one. As a result, the maritime transportation is more pollutant and less productive in Iran in comparison with the air transportation. Originality/value The policymakers are advised to improve the infrastructure of maritime transportation from both the environmental and economic point of views. Consequently, the air transportation is considered as a cleaner and more beneficial transportation mode in Iran, where geographical position limits the maritime transport as a widespread transportation mode.
Highlights
Transportation plays an important role in the environmental pollution and economic growth
We compare the environmental and economic effects of maritime and air transportation in the short and long run in Iran during 1978–2012 using two dynamic log-linear models
This study compared the environmental and economic effects of maritime and air transportation in Iran. It employed two log-linear models to estimate the environmental pollution and economic growth elasticities of maritime and air transportation in the short and long run in Iran during 1978–2012
Summary
Transportation plays an important role in the environmental pollution and economic growth. According to IEA (2009), about 25 percent of the world’s energy is attributed to transport and about 5 percent of this energy is responsible for the whole environmental changes, while projecting that this amount will be likely to increase 50 percent by 2030 and 80 percent by 2050. Transportation boosts the international trade and Marine Economics and Management Vol 2 No 2, 2019 pp. The full terms of this licence may be seen at http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
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