Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of the chemical composition and quantitative volume of pollutants entering the Bug Estuary with the rainwater sewage of Mykolaiv. It is known that sewage from industrial and municipal enterprises poses a threat of a significant additional burden on limited regional water resources. First and foremost, uncontrolled stormwater runoff is a major concern. In Mykolaiv, there are 49 registered stormwater drains, of which 19 are directly discharged into open water bodies. The purpose of the study was to investigate the chemical composition and volume of urban stormwater runoff into the Bug Estuary. The study was based on the results of chemical analyses of water samples from four storm sewers in Mykolaiv, performed in 2022. The materials of chemical analyses of water samples from five storm sewers of Mykolaiv in 1997 were also included. It was proved that phosphates, oil products, and nitrite nitrogen are present in the stormwater runoff from Mykolaiv to the Bug Estuary. The multiplicity of exceedances of the maximum permissible concentrations is: for biological oxygen consumption - 14-37 times; nitrite - 10-39 times; chemical oxygen consumption - 7-18 times. It has been shown that lead, nickel, iron, copper, chromium, and zinc are released into the Bug estuary with rainwater runoff. Excessive pollution of rainwater with suspended solids is associated with contamination of territories with dust, soil, clay, etc. Excessive pollution with oil products and heavy metals is associated with the operation of motor vehicles and industrial enterprises. It has been shown that unauthorized connections of domestic and industrial sewage systems are mostly responsible for some of the substances that pollute stormwater (phosphates, nitrates). Prospects for further research are the study of the sorption capacity of bottom sediments for the retention of pollutants and the assessment of the ecological capacity of the bottom sediments of the Bug estuary..
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