Environmental pollutant hydrogen sulphide and its detection – A brief review

Abstract

Many incidences of toxic exposure have been linked to H2S, particularly in the natural gas and petroleum industries, coke ovens, landfills, tanneries, wastewater treatment, and paper mills. The physiological consequences of H2S are always dependent on the concentration and duration of exposure. H2S concentrations can cause a variety of serious health concerns, including throat and eye related problems, impaired memory, and a loss of reasoning. To monitor and control the risk associated with this gas in real time, researchers have spent decades inventing sensors with adequate/good/robust metrological properties and strong stability. From the standpoint of human and environmental health protection, this thorough analysis linked to the toxicity and harmful effects of H2S gas. In a range of sensor devices, nano-structured materials-based sensors seem to be a good substitute for the most common options, like electrochemical and optical sensors. In this review, we evaluate the performance of various H2S sensors in terms of main operational factors such as sensing material, sensitivity, sensor stability, response time, response time, detection limits, concentration range, and selectivity.